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Vacuum-compatible sub-micrometer liquid flat-jet apparatus for soft x-ray spectroscopy.
Takashige Fujiwara1, Katsumi Midorikawa1
1Attosecond Science Research Team, RIKEN Center for Advanced Photonics, 2-1 Hirosawa, Wako, Saitama 351-0198, Japan.
The Review of Scientific Instruments
|September 8, 2025
Summary
A new vacuum-compatible liquid flat-jet apparatus creates stable, sub-micrometer sheets for soft-x-ray spectroscopy. This robust system enables ultrafast liquid-phase and surface-sensitive measurements with user-friendly operation.
Area of Science:
- Physics
- Chemistry
- Materials Science
Background:
- Soft-x-ray spectroscopy requires stable liquid targets.
- Previous methods faced challenges with vacuum compatibility and jet stability.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel vacuum-compatible liquid flat-jet apparatus.
- To enable stable, sub-micrometer liquid sheets for advanced spectroscopy.
Main Methods:
- Utilized interchangeable PEEKsil microjets colliding to form a leaf-like jet.
- Incorporated a high-performance liquid chromatography pump with stop-and-go flow control.
- Employed spectral interferometry to measure jet thickness.
Main Results:
- Achieved stable, sub-micrometer liquid sheets (0.7-2 μm) at ~0.1 Pa.
- Demonstrated reproducible jet operation for over 6 hours.
- Confirmed rapid restart capability without vacuum venting.
Conclusions:
- The developed apparatus provides a robust platform for ultrafast liquid-phase spectroscopy.
- The open design facilitates alignment for transmission and reflection modes.
- Enables new possibilities for surface-sensitive measurements in vacuum environments.
