Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jan 18, 2026
Symptom Assessment of Patients with Allergic Rhinitis Using an Allergen Exposure Chamber
Published on: March 3, 2023
Early Changes in House Dust Mite Component Specific Immunoglobulin Levels Predict the One-Year Efficacy of Allergen
Shuying Li1, Yue Ma1, Jiaying Li1
1Department of Otolaryngology, Eye & ENT Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
Background:
The efficacy of subcutaneous immunotherapy (SCIT) in allergic rhinitis (AR) patients varies. Component-resolved diagnostics (CRD) may serve as a useful tool to predict therapeutic responses.
Methods:
Forty-three house dust mite (HDM)-sensitized AR patients undergoing SCIT were enrolled. Clinical data and serum samples were collected at baseline (V1), 15 weeks (V2), and 1 year (V3). The levels of specific immunoglobulin E (sIgE) and sIgG4 to nine HDM components were measured, and a predictive model was established. An independent prospective cohort of 23 patients was used for validation.
Results:
The most prevalent sensitizing components were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus (Der p) 1, Dermatophagoides farinae (Der f) 1, Der p 2, Der f 2, and Der p 23. The responders had a significantly higher Combined Symptom and Medication Score (CSMS) at baseline than did the nonresponders. At V2, the responders showed a greater increase in serum levels of Der f 1 sIgE, higher levels of Der p 23 sIgG4, and greater incremental changes in Der p 23 sIgG4 levels. A composite model based on V1 CSMS, ∆15w Der f 1 sIgE, and ∆15w Der p 23 sIgG4 achieved an area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUC) of 0.896 (cutoff: 0.455), with 83.3% sensitivity and 84.0% specificity. In the validation cohort, the model showed a 75.0% positive predictive value, 86.7% negative predictive value, and 82.6% overall accuracy.
Conclusion:
A composite biomarker model based on HDM component responses enabled early prediction of SCIT efficacy, supporting more personalized treatment strategies for AR management.
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