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Personalized Interactive Music Systems for Physical Activity and Exercise: Exploratory Systematic Review and

Andrew Danso¹, Tiia Kekäläinen^2,3, Friederike Koehler¹

¹Department of Music, Arts and Culture Studies, Centre of Excellence in Music, Mind, Body and Brain, University of Jyväskylä, Seminaarinkatu 15, Jyväskylän yliopisto, Jyväskylä, 40014, Finland, 358 6643034.

JMIR Human Factors

|September 8, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Personalized Interactive Music Systems (PIMSs) can improve physical activity and mood. Faster music tempo was a key factor, though more research is needed to confirm effectiveness in diverse groups.

Keywords:

affect exercise health promotion meta-analysis mobile phone music intervention systematic review

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Area of Science:

Exercise Science
Human-Computer Interaction
Music Psychology

Background:

Personalized Interactive Music Systems (PIMSs) integrate real-time data and adaptive technologies to enhance physical activity and exercise.
PIMSs dynamically adjust musical features like tempo and genre to match user's activity patterns (frequency, intensity).

Purpose of the Study:

To systematically review and meta-analyze the effectiveness of PIMSs.
To evaluate PIMSs' impact on physical, psychophysical, and affective outcomes.

Main Methods:

Systematic review and meta-analysis of 18 eligible studies, with 6 studies (17 intervention arms) included in meta-analysis.
Random-effects meta-analyses and meta-regression were used to assess physical activity levels, physical exertion, perceived exertion, and affective valence.

Main Results:

Significant improvements observed in physical activity levels (g=0.49) and affective valence (g=1.65).
Faster music tempo emerged as a significant moderator (P=.03).
No significant effects found for ratings of perceived exertion or physical exertion.

Conclusions:

PIMSs show potential for enhancing physical activity and positive mood.
Substantial heterogeneity and limited study quality necessitate more rigorous randomized controlled trials.
Further research is needed to establish PIMS efficacy across diverse populations.