Biophysical study of calcium-containing DPPC liposomes prepared in water and a glycerol aqueous solution

In this study, both pure and calcium-containing complex liposomes made from DPPC phospholipids were investigated using calorimetric and spectrophotometric methods. Liposomes were prepared using a new technology in both water and a 20% glycerol aqueous solution. Glycerol allows drug-containing DPPC liposomes to penetrate the dermis of the skin through the epidermis. Calorimetric and spectrophotometric experiments show that calcium ions are incorporated into the structure of DPPC liposomes. Consequently, these nanoparticles can be used to treat diseases that require a significant amount of calcium, ensuring that the calcium within the liposomes will not cause side effects when it enters the bloodstream. Through the conducted experiments, we examined the structure and thermal stability of calcium DPPC liposomes prepared in water and glycerol, which is essential for their effective practical use. We found that the structure of all complex liposomes is multilamellar, which enables them to incorporate a larger amount of calcium ions than unilamellar liposomes. Based on the calorimetric experiments conducted, we identified a new approach to determine the maximum amount of drug, including calcium, that can be incorporated into nanoparticles, which is a crucial factor.