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Advancements and Innovations in Low-Temperature Hydrogen Electrochemical Conversion Devices Driven by 3D Printing
Min Wang1, Xiuyue Wang2, Enyang Sun2
1College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, People's Republic of China. minwang@upc.edu.cn.
Nano-Micro Letters
|September 9, 2025
Summary
3D printing enhances low-temperature hydrogen energy devices by enabling complex component fabrication. This review details 3D printing applications in fuel cells and electrolyzers, highlighting challenges and future directions for advanced hydrogen systems.
Area of Science:
- Additive Manufacturing
- Hydrogen Energy Technology
- Electrochemical Devices
Background:
- 3D printing offers design flexibility and complex geometry fabrication, ideal for specialized components.
- Low-temperature hydrogen electrochemical conversion devices require intricate parts like catalyst layers and bipolar plates.
Purpose of the Study:
- To critically review the application of 3D printing technologies in key components for low-temperature hydrogen energy devices.
- To summarize progress, analyze performance impacts, and identify challenges in this field.
Main Methods:
- Review of current literature on 3D printing techniques applied to hydrogen energy components.
- Analysis of mainstream 3D printing methods relevant to the hydrogen sector.
- Evaluation of specific applications and performance impacts across different device architectures.
Main Results:
- 3D printing is suitable for fabricating complex components such as catalyst layers, gas diffusion layers, electrodes, porous transport layers, and bipolar plates.
- The review analyzes the application and performance of various 3D printing methods in proton exchange membrane fuel cells, electrolyzer cells, and alkaline electrolyzers.
- Identified technical challenges and future research directions for integrating 3D printing in next-generation hydrogen energy systems.
Conclusions:
- 3D printing significantly advances the development of low-temperature hydrogen electrochemical conversion devices.
- Addressing current technical challenges through future research will accelerate the integration of 3D printing in advanced hydrogen energy systems.
