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Updated: Sep 8, 2026

A Protocol for Electrochemical Evaluations and State of Charge Diagnostics of a Symmetric Organic Redox Flow Battery
Published on: February 13, 2017
Capacity Degradation Mechanisms, Recovery Strategies, and Challenges of Flow Batteries
Xu Lin1,2, Meisheng Han3,4, Haolin Ju1,2
1Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Advanced Energy Storage, Department of Mechanical and Energy Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, 518055, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Redox flow batteries, by virtue of their advantages in power/capacity decoupling, high safety, and long cycle life, have become a strategic support for long-duration energy storage systems; however, capacity degradation remains a bottleneck for their commercialization. This review systematically identifies the multi-dimensional mechanisms of capacity degradation: including volume imbalance caused by transmembrane migration, inactivation and decomposition of active species, electrode degradation, and valence imbalance induced by side reactions. Targeting these challenges, the review deeply explores recovery strategies from physical repair to intelligent scheduling: covering the research and development of high-selectivity membranes, precise regulation of valence states, functionalized repair of electrodes, and model-driven predictive pathways integrating digital twins. Finally, current challenges such as characterization limitations and incomplete recovery rates are summarized, and future development directions for capacity recovery are envisioned. This review aims to provide a theoretical basis and technical guidance for extending the system cycle life of flow batteries and improving capacity recovery efficiency.
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