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Proactive Cognitive Stimulation for Younger Adults With Down Syndrome. A Feasibility Randomised Control Trial.

Sharon Hardiman1, Rory Cousins2, Aisling Ryan1

  • 1Saint John of God Community Services Dublin South East, Dublin, Ireland.

Journal of Applied Research in Intellectual Disabilities : JARID
|September 10, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) is feasible for adults with Down syndrome, showing improvements in adaptive behavior and memory. This cognitive health program offers a promising approach for this population.

Keywords:
cognitive healthcognitive stimulation therapydown syndromefeasibility RCThealthy ageing

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Area of Science:

  • Neuroscience
  • Gerontology
  • Clinical Psychology

Background:

  • Adults with Down syndrome have a high risk of developing Alzheimer's disease (AD) pathology early in life.
  • Research on cognitive health interventions for this demographic is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To evaluate the feasibility of an adapted group-based Cognitive Stimulation Therapy (CST) program for adults with Down syndrome without dementia.
  • To assess the potential impact of CST on cognitive health and adaptive behaviors.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods feasibility randomized control trial (RCT) was conducted with 12 adults with Down syndrome (mean age 30).
  • Participants were randomized to CST or a control group (services as usual).
  • Assessments included baseline, post-programme, and four-month follow-up by a blinded researcher.

Main Results:

  • The adapted CST program demonstrated feasibility with high attendance, satisfaction, and fidelity (>85%).
  • CST participants showed significant improvements in adaptive behavior post-programme, maintained at follow-up.
  • A trend towards improved episodic memory was observed in the CST group post-programme.

Conclusions:

  • Manualized group-based CST can be successfully adapted for younger adults with Down syndrome.
  • The adapted CST program shows promise for supporting cognitive health in adults with Down syndrome.