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A Microfluidic Chip for ICPMS Sample Introduction
Published on: March 5, 2015
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3D-Printed Array Helical Monolithic Column Chip with Hierarchical Porous Structure for High-Throughput ICP-MS
Lei Cheng1, Man He1, Beibei Chen1
1Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
Analytical Chemistry
|September 10, 2025
Summary
Three-dimensional printing created a novel microextraction chip with helical channels for efficient sample pretreatment. This technology enables high-throughput analysis of rare-earth elements in diverse environmental samples.
Area of Science:
- Analytical Chemistry
- Materials Science
- Chemical Engineering
Background:
- Three-dimensional printing (3DP) offers flexible fabrication of microextraction chips for high-throughput sample pretreatment.
- Limitations in 3DP printer resolution and materials restrict the extraction performance of 3DP-based channels.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop a novel 3D-printed array monolithic microextraction chip (AMC) for enhanced sample pretreatment.
- To integrate helical microextraction channels and fluid control valves using 3DP technology.
- To apply the developed chip for the analysis of rare-earth elements (REEs) using ICP-MS.
Main Methods:
- Fabrication of a 3DP array monolithic microextraction chip (AMC) with 26 helical microextraction channels and 52 gas valves.
- Utilized 3DP with liquid crystal display technology, switching between flexible and rigid resins.
- In-situ polymerization of a high internal phase Pickering emulsion using carbonyl-containing covalent organic frameworks (COFs) as emulsifier and stabilizer to create hierarchical porous monolithic columns.
- Online coupling of the 3DP-AMC with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) for analysis.
Main Results:
- The developed 3DP-AMC exhibited a high sample throughput of 30 samples per hour.
- Achieved a wide linear range (0.001-50 μg L⁻¹) and low limits of detection (0.3-0.8 ng L⁻¹) for REEs.
- Demonstrated good precision with relative standard deviations ranging from 2.7% to 9.4%.
Conclusions:
- The novel 3DP-AMC, featuring helical channels and COF-based monolithic columns, significantly improves mass transfer for efficient adsorption and desorption.
- The developed online coupling method provides a sensitive and robust platform for analyzing trace/ultratrace REEs in complex environmental matrices.
- This approach shows great potential for environmental monitoring and analysis of rare-earth elements.
