Thirty years of SPM-BrainMap synergy: making and mining coordinate-based literature

Statistical Parametric Mapping (SPM) adheres to rigorous methodological standards, including: spatial normalization, inter-subject averaging, voxel-wise contrasts, and coordinate reporting. This rigor ensures that a thematically diverse literature is amenable to meta-analysis. BrainMap is a community database (www.brainmap.org; www.portal.brainmap.org) launched contemporaneously with SPM with the goal of efficiently sharing the results and methods of the literature compliant with SPM standards. The SPM-BrainMap symbiosis has motivated the development of coordinate-based meta-analytic methods and a substantial literature of secondary analyses. Collectively this corpus constitutes system-level probabilistic maps and models of the human brain, which details its functional organization, network architecture, and alterations by disease.