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Algorithm to detect ISUP ≥ 2 prostate cancer using canine detection
Margaux Hermieu1, Alice Roux2, Loïc Desquilbet2,3
1National Veterinary School of Alfort, Nosaïs Team, Maisons-Alfort, France. margaux.hermieu@gmail.com.
World Journal of Urology
|September 10, 2025
Summary
Canine detection shows promise in improving prostate cancer diagnosis. Integrating dog scent detection into diagnostic algorithms can increase the detection rate of high-grade prostate cancer (ISUP ≥2), reducing unnecessary biopsies.
Area of Science:
- Urology
- Veterinary Medicine
- Diagnostic Science
Background:
- Screening and diagnosing high-grade prostate cancer (International Society of Urological Pathology [ISUP] ≥2) presents significant clinical challenges.
- Accurate early detection is crucial for effective patient management and treatment planning.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the potential of canine detection as an adjunct to existing diagnostic protocols for ISUP ≥2 prostate cancer.
- To develop a decision-making algorithm incorporating canine detection for men with suspected prostate cancer.
Main Methods:
- A prospective study involved 151 men with suspected prostate cancer, categorized by biopsy results (78 with ISUP ≥2, 73 without).
- Eight risk factors were analyzed: BMI, family history, age, smoking, hypertension, digital rectal exam, PSA level, and prostate MRI.
- Two diagnostic algorithms were created: ProstateDetectScore (clinical variables) and ProstateK9DetectScore (clinical variables + canine detection).
Main Results:
- The ProstateDetectScore utilized age, blood pressure, digital rectal examination, and MRI findings.
- The ProstateK9DetectScore incorporated these clinical factors along with canine detection results.
- The algorithm involving canine detection demonstrated an increased detection rate for ISUP ≥2 prostate cancer.
Conclusions:
- Canine detection, when integrated into a decision-making algorithm, enhances the diagnostic accuracy for significant prostate cancer (ISUP ≥2).
- This approach has the potential to reduce the number of invasive and unnecessary prostate biopsies, improving patient outcomes and healthcare efficiency.
