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Related Concept Videos

Ankle Joint01:10

Ankle Joint

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The ankle is formed by the talocrural joint (crural = leg). It consists of the articulations between the talus bone of the foot and the distal ends of the tibia and fibula of the leg. The superior aspect of the talus bone is square-shaped and has three areas of articulation. The top of the talus articulates with the inferior tibia. This is the portion of the ankle joint that carries the body weight between the leg and foot. The sides of the talus are firmly held in position by the articulations...
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Reference Values for the Dynamic Evaluation Method of Lower Limb Joint Alignment (MADAAMI II) for Dancers.

Geovana Minikovski1, Cecília Rabuske1, Isis Juliene Rodrigues Leite Navarro1

  • 1Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.

Journal of Dance Medicine & Science : Official Publication of the International Association for Dance Medicine & Science
|September 11, 2025
PubMed
Summary

This study established reference values for the Dynamic Evaluation Method of Lower Limb Joint Alignment (MADAAMI II) in dancers. These values can screen for lower limb stability and identify injury risks in dancers aged 15 and older.

Keywords:
ankle/footassessmentdancerdancingjoint alignmentjoint instabilitykneepelvisposturestability

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Dance Science
  • Sports Medicine

Background:

  • Assessing lower limb joint alignment is crucial for dancers to prevent injuries.
  • The Dynamic Evaluation Method of Lower Limb Joint Alignment (MADAAMI II) requires established reference values for effective clinical application.
  • Previous research has not provided comprehensive reference values for the MADAAMI II method across different age groups of dancers.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To propose reference values for the Dynamic Evaluation Method of Lower Limb Joint Alignment (MADAAMI II).
  • To determine if age (young vs. adult dancers) influences lower limb joint alignment scores using the MADAAMI II.
  • To establish a screening tool for assessing dancer stability and injury risk.

Main Methods:

  • 346 dancers (aged 15-58) with at least 5 years of ballet experience were evaluated using the MADAAMI II.
  • Dancers performed a three-step sequence (demi plié, grand plié, fondu) in the first foot position.
  • Video analysis by a trained evaluator determined Foot, Knee, Pelvis, and General scores; Mann-Whitney U test and percentile calculations (10th-90th) were used.

Main Results:

  • No significant difference in lower limb joint alignment was found between young and adult dancers (aged 15+).
  • Reference values for MADAAMI II scores were established using the 15th and 85th percentiles.
  • Specific score ranges were provided: Foot (31-52), Knee (34-56), Pelvis (40-55), and General (115-156).

Conclusions:

  • The established reference values for MADAAMI II are applicable to all dancers aged 15 and older.
  • These values serve as a valuable screening tool for evaluating dancer lower limb stability.
  • The findings can aid in assessing training program effectiveness and identifying dancers at higher risk of injury.