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Clinical progress note: Hepatitis A virus.

James M McCluskey1,2, Robyn A Bockrath2,3, Ravi Jhaveri1,2

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Hepatitis A virus (HAV) outbreaks show vaccine-preventable disease risks persist. Hospitalization is a key chance to improve vaccination and protect vulnerable groups from HAV resurgence.

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Area of Science:

  • Public Health
  • Infectious Diseases
  • Vaccinology

Background:

  • Hepatitis A virus (HAV) incidence has decreased since vaccine introduction but remains a concern.
  • Recent outbreaks highlight persistent inequities in vaccine access, outbreak response, and risks for vulnerable populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To underscore the ongoing public health threat of HAV in the US.
  • To emphasize the critical role of vaccination and surveillance in preventing HAV resurgence.
  • To identify hospitalization as a key opportunity for intervention and equitable protection.

Main Methods:

  • Analysis of recent multi-state HAV outbreaks.
  • Review of vaccine coverage and access data.
  • Assessment of risk factors and social determinants impacting HAV.
  • Evaluation of hospitalization data for intervention opportunities.

Main Results:

  • HAV outbreaks continue to occur, indicating re-emergence potential.
  • Significant inequities exist in vaccine coverage, access, and outbreak response.
  • At-risk populations face disproportionate burdens due to social or health factors.

Conclusions:

  • Continued investment in HAV prevention, including vaccination and surveillance, is crucial.
  • Hospitalization settings present a vital opportunity to address gaps in protection.
  • Equitable vaccine access and targeted interventions are necessary to prevent HAV resurgence.