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Published on: February 28, 2025
Clinical characteristics and treatment for laryngeal cyst in children: a case series study
Pei Zhou1, Lili Zhong1, Xiaofang Ding1
1Children's Medical Center, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hunan Normal University, Changsha, China.
Insights
Pediatric laryngeal cysts present with stridor and breathing difficulties. Endoscopic plasma or titanium laser ablation offers effective treatment with a low recurrence rate for these airway obstructions.
Area of Science:
- Pediatric Otolaryngology
- Pediatric Airway Disorders
- Surgical Case Series
Background:
- Laryngeal cysts are rare congenital anomalies in children.
- Symptoms can range from mild to life-threatening airway obstruction.
- Accurate diagnosis and timely intervention are crucial for optimal outcomes.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a case series of pediatric laryngeal cysts.
- To summarize clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes.
- To evaluate the efficacy of different ablation techniques.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective case series analysis of pediatric patients with laryngeal cysts.
- Inclusion of clinical data including symptoms, cyst location, and treatment modality.
- Follow-up assessment for symptom improvement and recurrence.
Main Results:
- Twenty pediatric patients were included, with 15 diagnosed with supraglottic cysts.
- Common symptoms included stridor (80%), shortness of breath (75%), and coughing (60%).
- Endoscopic plasma cyst ablation and bronchoscopic titanium laser ablation resulted in significant symptom improvement and a 90% non-recurrence rate at 2-36 months.
Conclusions:
- Bronchoscopy is recommended for children with specific respiratory symptoms suggestive of laryngeal cysts.
- Treatment selection (plasma vs. laser ablation) should be based on cyst location and type.
- Both ablation techniques demonstrate high efficacy and low recurrence rates in pediatric laryngeal cysts.
Purpose:
This study aims to present a case series of pediatric laryngeal cysts and summarize their clinical characteristics and treatment outcomes.
Methods:
This retrospective case series study included pediatric patients with laryngeal cysts at the author's Hospital, and clinical data were analyzed.
Results:
A total of 20 patients were included. Among them, 15 children were diagnosed with supraglottic cysts, while five were categorized into the glottic and subglottic groups. The primary symptoms included stridor (16/20, 80%), shortness of breath (15/20, 75%), coughing after feeding (12/20, 60%), cyanosis (7/20, 35%), and Spo2 < 95% (8/20). Bronchoscopy revealed single or multiple transparent or semitransparent cystic masses capable of causing varying degrees of compression of the epiglottis or airway obstruction. Thirteen children with supraglottic laryngeal cysts underwent endoscopic plasma cyst ablation, while five children in the glottic and supraglottic areas underwent bronchoscopic titanium laser ablation. Almost all patients showed significant symptom improvement after treatment. None of the other children (18/20, 90%) experienced a recurrence during the 2 to 36-month follow-up period.
Conclusion:
Bronchoscopy should be considered for children experiencing stridor, shortness of breath, coughing after feeding, cyanosis, and Spo2 < 95%. Treatment choice between endoscopic plasma cyst ablation and bronchoscopic titanium laser ablation depends on cyst type.
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