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Biodegradable MXene-Bamboo Cellulose Paper Electrodes for Green Wearable Sensing and Exoskeleton Control.
Tung-Li Hung1, Chien-Yu Huang2, Chun-Ho Lin2
1Institute of Biomedical Engineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 300093, Taiwan.
Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
|September 11, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed biodegradable paper electrodes using MXene and cellulose nanofibers for green electronics. These sustainable, flexible electrodes offer tunable conductivity and are ideal for wearable sensors and assistive technologies.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Nanotechnology
- Sustainable Engineering
Background:
- Growing electronic waste necessitates eco-friendly electronic materials and fabrication.
- Biodegradable and sustainable materials are crucial for reducing environmental impact.
Purpose of the Study:
- To develop multifunctional, biodegradable paper electrodes for green electronics.
- To explore the potential of MXene and cellulose nanofiber composites for wearable sensing applications.
Main Methods:
- Vacuum-assisted assembly of MXene (Ti3C2Tx) nanosheets within bamboo-derived cellulose nanofiber (CNF).
- Encapsulation of electrodes in a breathable, porous Ecoflex layer for enhanced stability and waterproofing.
- Characterization of electrical conductivity, mechanical flexibility, and piezoresistive properties.
Main Results:
- Freestanding paper electrodes (MXNx/B-CP) exhibit tunable electrical conductivity and mechanical flexibility.
- A nonlinear piezoresistive response was observed with a gauge factor increasing from 3.7 to 11.42.
- The electrodes demonstrated excellent stability, low noise, and durability for various sensing applications.
Conclusions:
- The developed MXene/CNF paper electrodes offer a scalable and sustainable solution for next-generation wearable and assistive technologies.
- The synergistic design enhances performance for applications like strain sensing, EMG, and exoskeleton control.
- This work advances paper-based electronics toward environmentally friendly, high-performance devices.
