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Environmental Stress Shapes Bacterial Community Structure and Function Through Interactive Abiotic Effects.

Jessica R Bernardin1, Erica B Young2, Grace A Cagle3

  • 1Department of Biological Sciences, Boise State University, Boise, Idaho, USA.

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|September 12, 2025
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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Microbial communities are shaped by interacting environmental stressors like temperature, pH, and resources. Understanding these combined effects is crucial for predicting ecosystem responses to environmental change.

Keywords:
abiotic conditionsbacterial community assemblybacterial community functionenvironmental stresspH stressresource stresstemperature stress

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Area of Science:

  • Ecology
  • Microbiology
  • Environmental Science

Background:

  • Microbial communities are vital for ecosystem functions.
  • Environmental factors like temperature, pH, and resources influence microbial communities.
  • These factors rarely act in isolation, necessitating studies on their interactive effects.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the independent and interactive effects of abiotic stressors (temperature, pH, resource concentration) on bacterial community composition, structure, and function.
  • To test hypotheses regarding how these stressors impact microbial dynamics in a model system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a full factorial, controlled experiment.
  • Employed an aquatic, pitcher plant-associated bacterial community.
  • Assessed bacterial community composition, structure, and function, including enzyme activities and species richness.

Main Results:

  • Temperature, pH, and resource concentration exhibited strong independent and interactive effects on bacterial communities.
  • Community functions showed varied responses to interactive stressors; chitinase and protease activities responded oppositely to temperature and pH.
  • The most extreme stress combination (high temperature, low pH, excess food) led to reduced enzyme activity and species richness.
  • High temperature strengthened correlations between community structure and function.
  • Abiotic extremes promoted phylogenetic dispersion, suggesting trait convergence.

Conclusions:

  • Abiotic stressors interact to significantly impact microbial community composition, structure, and function.
  • Diverse functional measures are essential for understanding the complex effects of interacting stressors.
  • Environmental filtering and trait convergence are key mechanisms shaping microbial responses to multiple, interacting stressors.