IgA Vasculitis Across the Ages: Is It Time for a Precision Medicine Approach?

Area of Science:

• Nephrology
• Immunology
• Genetics

Background:

• IgA vasculitis (IgAV), previously Henoch-Schönlein purpura, is a systemic vasculitis impacting skin, joints, gut, and kidneys.
• Kidney nephritis is a major complication, risking end-stage kidney failure and posing diagnostic and management challenges due to disease variability.

Purpose of the Study:

• To review IgA vasculitis (IgAV) literature, focusing on precision medicine's role in improving patient outcomes.
• To highlight precision medicine applications in early phenotyping, risk stratification, and evidence-based management of IgAV, with a focus on nephritis.

Main Methods:

• Literature review of recent studies on IgA vasculitis (IgAV).
• Analysis of precision medicine strategies applicable to IgAV phenotyping, risk stratification, and treatment.
• Focus on kidney involvement stages, from diagnosis to kidney failure.

Main Results:

• Precision medicine offers opportunities to advance IgAV care through detailed patient profiling.
• Targeted approaches in phenotyping and risk stratification can lead to earlier and more accurate diagnoses.
• Personalized management strategies hold promise for preventing progression to kidney failure in IgAV patients.

Conclusions:

• Precision medicine can significantly enhance the management of IgA vasculitis (IgAV), especially concerning kidney complications.
• Integrating genetic and molecular data with clinical information is key to personalized IgAV treatment.
• Future advancements in precision medicine aim to prevent kidney failure and improve long-term outcomes for IgAV patients.