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ECACS: An Enhanced Certificateless Authentication Scheme for Smart Car Sharing
Zhuowei Shen1,2, Xiao Kou1, Taiyao Yang1
1School of Cyberscience and Engineering, Southeast University, Nanjing 211189, China.
Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 13, 2025
Summary
This study introduces a new security scheme for smart car-sharing systems, enhancing user authentication without needing smartphones. The proposed method improves security and usability in dynamic vehicle access environments.
Area of Science:
- Computer Science
- Electrical Engineering
- Transportation Systems
Background:
- Smart car-sharing systems offer flexible and sustainable transportation but face challenges in user-vehicle identification and authentication.
- Existing Internet of Vehicles (IoV) schemes often confuse users and vehicles, hindering driver tracking and lacking adaptability to dynamic car-sharing environments.
- Current authentication protocols are ill-suited for car-sharing due to rigid user-vehicle binding, limiting dynamic access.
Purpose of the Study:
- To propose an enhanced certificateless signature scheme for smart car-sharing systems.
- To address the limitations of existing IoV authentication protocols in dynamic car-sharing scenarios.
- To develop a secure and efficient authentication mechanism that does not require user-side computation or devices.
Main Methods:
- Developed an enhanced certificateless signature scheme incorporating a biometric fuzzy extractor and the Chinese Remainder Theorem.
- Implemented category identifiers for class-based vehicle selection in car-sharing.
- Conducted a formal security analysis under the random oracle model and a comprehensive performance evaluation.
Main Results:
- The proposed scheme provides fine-grained authentication without requiring local computations on the user's device.
- It eliminates the need for users to possess smartphones or other digital devices for authentication.
- Security analysis confirmed the scheme is existentially unforgeable, and evaluations showed competitive computational and communication overhead with enhanced practical functionalities.
Conclusions:
- The enhanced certificateless signature scheme effectively addresses security and usability challenges in smart car-sharing.
- The scheme offers practical advantages, including device-independent authentication and improved vehicle selection capabilities.
- This work contributes to the development of more secure, flexible, and user-friendly smart car-sharing ecosystems.
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