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Understanding Hemodialysis-Associated Pericarditis: Causes, Symptoms, and Management Strategies
Ileana Peride1, Ana-Maria Nechita2, Bianca Dumitrache3
1Clinical Department No. 3, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020021 Bucharest, Romania.
Journal of Clinical Medicine
|September 13, 2025
Summary
Hemodialysis-associated pericarditis is a serious complication in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients, presenting as uremic or dialysis-associated forms. Early recognition and tailored treatment, including anti-inflammatory drugs and intensified dialysis, are crucial for better outcomes.
Area of Science:
- Nephrology
- Cardiology
- Internal Medicine
Background:
- Hemodialysis-associated pericarditis is an under-recognized complication in end-stage renal disease (ESRD) patients.
- It can manifest as uremic pericarditis or dialysis-associated pericarditis, carrying risks of cardiac tamponade and constrictive pericarditis.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the epidemiology, pathophysiology, clinical presentation, diagnostic criteria, and therapeutic strategies for hemodialysis-associated pericarditis.
- To emphasize the importance of distinguishing between uremic and dialysis-associated forms.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of current understanding.
- Case study of a hemodialysis patient presenting with shortness of breath during dialysis.
Main Results:
- Pericardial involvement in ESRD commonly presents as acute uremic or dialysis-associated pericarditis.
- Chronic constrictive pericarditis is a less frequent manifestation.
Conclusions:
- Distinguishing between uremic and dialysis-associated pericarditis is recommended.
- Treatment may involve anti-inflammatory drugs, colchicine, intensified dialysis, pericardiocentesis, or surgery.
- Increased awareness and timely intervention are vital for improving patient outcomes.
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