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Related Concept Videos

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Alzheimer's Disease (AD) is a continually advancing neurodegenerative disorder, distinguished by escalating memory loss, cognitive dysfunction, and dementia. The disease unfolds in three stages: preclinical, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and dementia. Its onset is insidious, and the progression gradual, with the cause not well explained by other disorders.
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Prosopagnosia, also known as face blindness, is the inability to recognize faces. In severe cases, individuals with prosopagnosia may not recognize close family members, including parents and spouses, by their faces. For instance, someone with prosopagnosia might walk past their child in a crowd, only realizing their mistake upon noticing their child's distinctive backpack or favorite jacket. Prosopagnosia specifically impairs facial recognition, while the recognition of other objects or...
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Light enters the eye through the cornea, a transparent, dome-shaped surface covering the surface of the eyeball that helps to direct and focus incoming light. This light is then channeled toward the pupil, an adjustable opening whose size is controlled by the iris. The iris, a pigmented muscle, regulates the amount of light entering the eye by contracting or dilating the pupil, thereby ensuring optimal light levels for clear vision.
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Visual Function in Alzheimer's Disease: Current Understanding and Potential Mechanisms Behind Visual Impairment.

Tania Alvite-Piñeiro1,2, Maite López-López1,2, Uxía Regueiro1,2

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Summary

Alzheimer's disease (AD) affects vision through retinal and cortical changes. Assessing visual function may aid in diagnosing AD and predicting its progression, improving patient quality of life.

Keywords:
Alzheimer’s diseasebraincolor visioncontrast sensitivityocular motilityperceptionretinavisual acuityvisual fieldvisual pathways

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Area of Science:

  • Ophthalmology
  • Neurology
  • Neuroscience

Background:

  • Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a leading cause of dementia.
  • The eye serves as a potential indicator of neurological disorders due to its connection with the brain.
  • Ocular research in AD is gaining significance, revealing changes in various eye structures.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To review and analyze current evidence on visual impairments in Alzheimer's disease.
  • To explore the underlying mechanisms of these visual dysfunctions.
  • To assess the potential of visual function as a diagnostic or prognostic tool for AD.

Main Methods:

  • This study is a narrative review.
  • It critically examines existing evidence on ocular alterations in AD patients.
  • It explores the correlation between visual parameters and cognitive status.

Main Results:

  • Decreased visual acuity, contrast sensitivity, and color vision are linked to retinal ganglion cell damage.
  • Altered visual fields, ocular motility, and perception result from cortical changes.
  • Visual function parameters often correlate with patients' cognitive status.

Conclusions:

  • Visual impairments are significant in Alzheimer's disease, affecting the retina and visual cortex.
  • Preserving visual function is crucial for maintaining patients' quality of life.
  • Visual function assessment shows promise for AD diagnosis and progression prediction.