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Updated: Jan 18, 2026
Collection, Isolation, and Flow Cytometric Analysis of Human Endocervical Samples
Published on: July 6, 2014
The Lymphocyte-to-Monocyte Ratio (LMR) as a Novel Biomarker for Cervical Cancer Risk Stratification in Conization
Verita Szabó1, Szabolcs Várbíró2,3, Noémi Kalas1
1Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Semmelweis University, 1082 Budapest, Hungary.
The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) may help identify higher-grade cervical lesions and rule out invasive cancer in patients undergoing Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP). Lower LMR values are associated with more severe cervical dysplasia.
Area of Science:
- Oncology
- Immunology
- Gynecology
Background:
- Cervical cancer is a significant global health issue, especially where early detection is limited.
- Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) is a standard method for diagnosing and treating cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN).
- The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) is an emerging biomarker reflecting immune status and inflammation, potentially useful in cancer risk stratification.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the association between preoperative lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) and histopathological outcomes in patients undergoing Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP).
- To evaluate LMR's potential as a biomarker for predicting cervical dysplasia severity and invasive disease.
Main Methods:
- Retrospective analysis of 374 patients undergoing LEEP for cervical dysplasia.
- Comparison of preoperative LMR values across different histopathological categories (negative, low-grade, high-grade, invasive carcinoma).
- Statistical analysis included Kruskal-Wallis, Mann-Whitney U tests, ROC curve analysis, and logistic regression.
Main Results:
- LMR showed significant differences across cytological (p=0.04) and histological (p=0.036) groups.
- Lower LMR was observed in invasive carcinoma compared to low-grade lesions (cytology) and in low- and high-grade lesions (histology).
- ROC analysis indicated an AUC of 0.680; LMR cutoffs demonstrated high sensitivity and negative predictive values but low positive predictive values for invasive disease.
Conclusions:
- The lymphocyte-to-monocyte ratio (LMR) can potentially serve as a complementary biomarker for predicting high-grade cervical lesions.
- LMR may aid in ruling out invasive cervical disease, assisting patient triage, especially in resource-limited settings.
- Further research can validate LMR's role in cervical cancer screening and management protocols.
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