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Error-Corrected Fermionic Quantum Processors with Neutral Atoms
Robert Ott1,2, Daniel González-Cuadra1,2,3,4, Torsten V Zache1,2
1University of Innsbruck, Institute for Theoretical Physics, Innsbruck, 6020, Austria.
Physical Review Letters
|September 15, 2025
Summary
Researchers developed an error-corrected quantum processor for simulating fermionic systems using neutral atoms. This overcomes atom-number superselection, enabling robust quantum simulations with reduced error rates.
Area of Science:
- Quantum Information Science
- Atomic Physics
- Computational Physics
Background:
- Simulating many-body fermionic systems is crucial for understanding complex quantum phenomena.
- Neutral atom quantum processors offer hardware-efficient simulation but face challenges with quantum error correction due to atom-number superselection.
- Existing methods struggle to create coherent superpositions of different particle numbers in atomic systems.
Purpose of the Study:
- To present a blueprint for an error-corrected fermionic quantum processor using current experimental capabilities.
- To overcome the atom-number superselection constraint in neutral atom systems.
- To enable robust quantum simulations of fermionic systems with reduced errors.
Main Methods:
- Utilized an ancillary set of fermionic modes to design a fermionic reference.
- Constructed superpositions of different numbers of referenced fermions.
- Developed logical fermionic modes and gates for error correction, focusing on phase errors.
Main Results:
- Successfully built a blueprint for an error-corrected fermionic quantum processor.
- Demonstrated the construction of logical fermionic modes and gates implementable with standard atomic operations.
- Showcased implementation for logical particle-number conserving processes relevant to quantum simulation.
Conclusions:
- The proposed protocol overcomes atom-number superselection in neutral atom quantum processors.
- The method allows for error correction of logical fermionic modes, specifically addressing phase errors.
- A minimal fermionic circuit simulation demonstrated a quadratic suppression of the logical error rate, paving the way for advanced quantum simulations.
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