Potential role of integrin αV as irisin receptor and advances in research

Irisin, initially described as a myokine, is widely distributed throughout the body and is released during physical exercise. It exerts beneficial effects on multiple tissues and, organs, and in systemic diseases, including neurological, metabolic, cardiovascular, pulmonary, and musculoskeletal disorders. Recent studies have highlighted the role of irisin receptors in various disease models and cell types, identifying integrin αV, particularly integrin αVβ5, as a key irisin-binding receptor. This review summarizes the current findings on irisin receptor biology and elucidates the mechanisms by which irisin mediates its effects via these receptors in various diseases. We propose that integrin αVβ5 receptors may represent promising therapeutic target for the treatment of diseases associated with exercise-induced irisin, offering a novel perspective for the alleviation of systemic diseases through exercise and rehabilitation.