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Area of Science:

  • Quantum science and technology
  • Atomic physics
  • Quantum information science

Background:

  • Neutral atoms are a key platform for quantum simulations, computation, metrology, and networking.
  • Atom losses typically restrict neutral atom systems to pulsed operation, limiting performance.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To demonstrate an experimental architecture for high-rate reloading and continuous operation of large-scale neutral atom systems.
  • To enable coherent storage and manipulation of quantum information in a continuously operated system.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized two optical lattice conveyor belts to transport atom reservoirs.
  • Developed a method for high-rate extraction of atoms into optical tweezers without disturbing nearby qubits.
  • Achieved a reloading rate of 300,000 atoms per second.

Main Results:

  • Assembled and maintained an array of over 3,000 atoms for more than 2 hours.
  • Created over 30,000 initialized qubits per second.
  • Demonstrated persistent refilling of the array with atomic qubits in coherent states while preserving stored qubit coherence.

Conclusions:

  • The developed architecture enables continuous operation of large neutral atom arrays.
  • This breakthrough paves the way for advanced applications in atomic clocks, sensors, and fault-tolerant quantum computers.