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[Pleuropulmonary localizations of non-typhoid Salmonella infections]
Abstract:
Non-typhoid salmonella infections are extremely common, usually taking the form of a benign toxi-infection. In the context of the rare extra-digestive manifestations, the authors report 3 cases of pleuro-pulmonary involvement, in infections due to Salmonella Dublin. In 2 cases, the organism was identified from blood cultures, whilst in the 3rd case it was isolated from pleural fluid. As with other extra-digestive sites, pleuro-pulmonary involvement is favored by underlying pathology, accounting for the grave nature of the problem (amongst the 3 cases, gastrectomy and acute myeloblastic leukemia in one case and obliterative arterial disease in another case). Non-typhoid salmonella infections are sensitive to Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim which diffuses well in the respiratory system. They are also sensitive to Amoxicillin and to Chloramphenicol.
Insights
Non-typhoid Salmonella Dublin infections can rarely cause severe lung complications. Prompt treatment with antibiotics like Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim is crucial for these rare extra-digestive manifestations.
Area of Science:
- Infectious Diseases
- Pulmonology
- Microbiology
Background:
- Non-typhoid Salmonella infections are typically self-limiting gastrointestinal illnesses.
- Extra-digestive manifestations of Salmonella are uncommon but can be severe.
- Salmonella Dublin is a specific serotype with potential for invasive disease.
Observation:
- This study reports three rare cases of pleuro-pulmonary involvement secondary to Salmonella Dublin infection.
- In two cases, Salmonella Dublin was isolated from blood cultures.
- In one case, the pathogen was identified in pleural fluid, indicating direct pleural space infection.
Findings:
- Pleuro-pulmonary involvement in Salmonella infections is often associated with significant underlying comorbidities.
- Comorbidities identified in these cases included gastrectomy, acute myeloblastic leukemia, and obliterative arterial disease.
- These factors likely contributed to the severity and invasive nature of the infections.
Implications:
- Early recognition and treatment of Salmonella-induced pleuro-pulmonary disease are critical.
- Sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim demonstrates good respiratory penetration and efficacy.
- Amoxicillin and Chloramphenicol are also effective treatment options for these infections.