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Accurate heat currents via reorganized master equation.
Jonas Glatthard1, Guillem Aznar-Menargues2,3, José P Palao2,3
1University of Exeter, Department of Physics and Astronomy, Exeter EX4 4QL, England, United Kingdom.
Physical Review. E
|September 16, 2025
Summary
Accurate quantum thermodynamics requires accounting for system energy reorganization in master equations. A reorganized master equation improves heat current calculations and system dynamics, especially at lower temperatures.
Area of Science:
- Quantum thermodynamics
- Nanoscale quantum systems
- Energy exchange characterization
Background:
- Accurate characterization of energy exchanges is crucial for quantum technologies.
- Quantum thermodynamics relies on precise understanding of system-environment interactions.
- Perturbative master equations are common tools for analyzing these exchanges.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate the necessity of reorganization correction in perturbative master equations for accurate heat current calculations.
- To demonstrate the advantages of a "reorganized master equation" over its nonreorganized counterpart.
- To assess the impact of reorganization energy on the accuracy of quantum thermodynamic models.
Main Methods:
- Development and application of a "reorganized master equation" incorporating coupling-induced energy corrections.
- Comparison of the reorganized master equation with a nonreorganized version using perturbative theory.
- Analysis of steady-state heat currents, system dynamics, and equilibration under varying temperature conditions.
Main Results:
- Failure to account for reorganization energy can lead to significant errors in heat current approximations, particularly at low temperatures.
- The reorganized master equation provides highly accurate heat current estimates, especially for systems with weak reorganization energy and broad spectral environments.
- The reorganized master equation outperforms the nonreorganized version in calculating heat currents, modeling dynamics, and capturing equilibration, even at the same perturbation order.
Conclusions:
- Careful consideration of coupling-induced reorganization energy is essential for accurate quantum thermodynamics and reliable heat current calculations.
- Reorganized master equations offer a precise and computationally accessible approach for modeling quantum systems, without introducing additional complexity.
- The use of reorganized master equations, even with the secular approximation for thermodynamic consistency, maintains high precision.
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