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Doping Effects on Magnetic Layered Hybrid Organic-Inorganic Transition Metal Halide Perovskites
Samuele Mattioni1,2, Yaiza Asensio1,2, Pavlo Solokha3
1CIC nanoGUNE BRTA, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastián, Basque Country, Spain.
ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
|September 16, 2025
Summary
Tailoring magnetic properties of hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) is crucial for spintronics. Introducing transition metals like copper, manganese, and cobalt allows fine-tuning of their magnetic behavior for novel 2D magnet applications.
Area of Science:
- Materials Science
- Solid State Physics
- Magnetism
Background:
- Hybrid organic-inorganic perovskites (HOIPs) offer tunable magnetic properties essential for spintronics.
- Incorporating transition metal cations into HOIPs enhances structural and chemical versatility.
- Understanding the impact of different metal cation combinations on magnetic behavior is critical.
Purpose of the Study:
- To investigate how co-doping with different transition metal cations (Cu2+, Mn2+, Co2+) affects the structural, optical, and magnetic properties of layered HOIPs.
- To explore the influence of low dopant concentrations on the magnetic ordering and behavior of these materials.
- To demonstrate a method for creating tailored 2D magnets by selecting appropriate dopants and hosts.
Main Methods:
- Synthesis of three doped HOIP systems: (PEA)2M11-xM2xCl4, where M = Cu2+, Mn2+, Co2+ and PEA = phenethylammonium.
- Characterization using X-ray diffraction and Raman spectroscopy to confirm single crystalline phases.
- Magnetic property measurements to analyze antiferromagnetic, spin-flopping, spin-canting, and ferromagnetic behaviors.
Main Results:
- Layered single crystalline phases were obtained for low dopant concentrations (x < 0.1).
- (PEA)2Mn1-xCo xCl4 exhibited antiferromagnetism with Neel temperature dependent on dopant content, and suppressed spin-flopping/canting.
- (PEA)2Mn1-xCu xCl4 showed canted antiferromagnetism, characteristic of Mn2+ HOIPs.
- (PEA)2Cu1-xCo xCl4 behaved as a 2D ferromagnet with properties largely independent of Co2+ content.
Conclusions:
- The magnetic properties of layered HOIPs can be effectively modified by co-doping with transition metal cations.
- Low dopant concentrations are sufficient to achieve significant changes in magnetic behavior.
- This approach provides a versatile route for designing and fabricating novel 2D magnetic materials for spintronic applications.
Keywords:
2D materialsRaman spectroscopydopinghybrid organic–inorganic metal halide perovskitesmagnetismphotoluminescencetransition metalsMore Related Videos
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