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Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Anticoagulant Drugs: Low-Molecular-Weight Heparins

Hemostasis is a crucial process that prevents excessive blood loss from damaged blood vessels. It involves various mechanisms such as vasoconstriction, platelet adhesion and activation, and fibrin formation. The importance of each mechanism depends on the type of vessel injury. In contrast, thrombosis is the abnormal formation of a blood clot within the blood vessels, leading to potential complications if the clot obstructs blood flow. Thrombosis can be caused by increased coagulability of the...

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Updated: May 8, 2026

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart

An Injectable and Drug-loaded Supramolecular Hydrogel for Local Catheter Injection into the Pig Heart

Published on: June 7, 2015

Injectable Deep Eutectic Solvent-Based Ionic Gel With Rapid Gelation and Broad Hemostatic Functionality.

Jia-Yu Yang¹, En-Yu Zhou¹, Ting-Hui Cheng¹

¹Institute of Medical Science and Technology, National Sun Yat-sen University, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung, 80424, Taiwan.

Advanced Healthcare Materials

|September 16, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

A novel deep eutectic solvent (DES) ionic gel offers rapid and effective hemostasis. This advanced hydrogel demonstrates strong tissue adhesion, antibacterial properties, and significantly reduces blood loss in vivo.

Keywords:

antibacterial biocompatibility deep eutectic solvent hemostasis ionic gel tissue adhesion

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Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Injectable Supramolecular Polymer-Nanoparticle Hydrogels for Cell and Drug Delivery Applications

Published on: February 7, 2021

Area of Science:

Biomaterials Science
Chemical Engineering
Medical Devices

Background:

Effective hemostasis is crucial in emergency medicine and surgery.
Current hemostatic agents often have limitations in efficacy, application, or biocompatibility.

Purpose of the Study:

To develop and characterize a novel water-free ionic gel for advanced hemostatic applications.
To evaluate the gel's physical, mechanical, antibacterial, cytocompatibility, and hemostatic properties.

Main Methods:

Formulation of a deep eutectic solvent (DES) ionic gel using choline chloride, ethylene glycol, and poly(acrylic acid) with additives.
In situ gelation, mechanical testing, swelling, optical clarity, and thermal stability assessments.
Antibacterial assays, cytocompatibility studies, in vitro hemostatic evaluations, and in vivo animal models (rat tail amputation, liver puncture).

Main Results:

The DES ionic gel exhibited rapid in situ gelation (<10 s), high viscosity, and robust tissue adhesion.
The DES-2% HEC formulation showed optimal performance in swelling, optical clarity (>90%), and thermal stability (T10% = 131°C).
Significant reduction in blood loss and coagulation time (≈60-70%) was observed in vivo, with strong antibacterial and excellent cytocompatibility.

Conclusions:

The developed DES ionic gel is a promising multifunctional hemostatic agent.
Its rapid action, mechanical integrity, biocompatibility, and efficacy make it suitable for advanced hemostatic applications.
This innovative hydrogel platform holds potential for improving emergency care and surgical outcomes.