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Related Concept Videos

Computed Tomography01:10

Computed Tomography

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Tomography refers to imaging by sections. Computed tomography (CT) is a non-invasive imaging technique that uses computers to analyze several cross-sectional X-rays to reveal minute details about structures in the body.
The technique was invented in the 1970s and is based on the principle that as X-rays pass through the body, they are absorbed or reflected at different levels. In the technique, a patient lies on a motorized platform while a computerized axial tomography (CAT) scanner rotates...
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DefinitionComputed Tomography (CT) of the genitourinary (GU) tract is a non-invasive imaging modality that utilizes X-rays and computer processing to generate detailed cross-sectional images of the urinary system, encompassing the kidneys, ureters, bladder, and adjacent structures such as the adrenal glands.PurposeCT scans of the GU tract serve several diagnostic and therapeutic purposes, including:Diagnosis of Urinary Tract Diseases: Detects kidney stones, tumors, cysts, and congenital...
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Related Experiment Video

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Image Rendering Techniques in Postmortem Computed Tomography: Evaluation of Biological Health and Profile in Stranded Cetaceans
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Postmortem computed tomography-based evaluation of brain decomposition: Correlation with postmortem interval and

Haruki Fukuda1, Hiroyuki Tokue2, Miyuki Shiraishi3

  • 1Department of Legal Medicine, Gunma University, Graduate School of Medicine, Maebashi 371-8511 Japan; Institute of Forensic Medicine, University of Zurich, Winterthurerstrasse 190/52, CH-8057 Zurich, Switzerland.

Legal Medicine (Tokyo, Japan)
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) can estimate the postmortem interval (PMI) using brain decomposition stages. This method accurately predicts longer PMIs and aids in determining cause of death in decomposed bodies.

Keywords:
Brain decompositionCause of death determinationForensic autopsyPostmortem computed tomographyPostmortem interval

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Area of Science:

  • Forensic science
  • Radiology
  • Pathology

Background:

  • Accurate postmortem interval (PMI) estimation is critical in forensic investigations.
  • Postmortem computed tomography (PMCT) offers potential for assessing brain decomposition as a PMI marker.
  • Previous research on PMCT for brain decomposition and PMI estimation is limited.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To classify and quantify brain decomposition using PMCT findings.
  • To investigate the association between brain decomposition, PMI, and cause of death determinability.
  • To explore the influence of environmental factors on brain decomposition.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of 176 adult autopsy cases with preautopsy PMCT.
  • Classification of brain decomposition into five stages based on visual PMCT findings.
  • Quantification of decomposition using brain area-to-length ratios on axial CT slices.
  • Correlation and regression analyses to assess associations between PMI, decomposition, and cause of death.

Main Results:

  • Brain decomposition stage and quantitative indices strongly correlated with PMI (ρ = 0.61 to -0.69).
  • High predictive performance for estimating PMIs ≥ 7-60 days (AUCs: 0.904-0.984).
  • Brain area ratio showed highest accuracy for PMIs ≥ 60 days (AUC = 0.984).
  • Undetermined causes of death increased significantly with decomposition stage (Stage IV: 92.9%).
  • Brain deformation ratio correlated positively with seasonal effects (p = 0.0017).

Conclusions:

  • PMCT-based brain decomposition assessment provides objective markers for estimating late PMIs.
  • This approach can assist in evaluating the likelihood of cause-of-death in decomposed bodies.
  • PMCT offers a valuable tool for forensic analysis of decomposition changes.