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Development of a Peroral Vocal Fold Injection Training System.

Brian T Reilly1, Adam Szymanowski1, Ahmed M S Soliman1

  • 1Department of Otolaryngology-Head & Neck Surgery, Lewis Katz School of Medicine at Temple University, Philadelphia, PA.

Journal of Voice : Official Journal of the Voice Foundation
|September 16, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

A new, low-cost simulation model significantly improved trainees' confidence and skills in performing awake peroral vocal fold injections. This accessible tool enhances training for in-office procedures, addressing a gap in current otolaryngology education.

Keywords:
InjectionLarynxPeroralSimulationVocal fold injectionVoice

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Area of Science:

  • Otolaryngology
  • Medical Education
  • Simulation Training

Background:

  • Trainees often lack experience with awake peroral vocal fold (VF) injections due to skill demands and patient tolerance.
  • Existing simulation models primarily focus on percutaneous approaches, leaving a gap for peroral injection training.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To design and evaluate a low-cost, reproducible simulation model for teaching fundamental skills in awake peroral VF injections.
  • To assess the efficacy, fidelity, and educational value of the simulation model for otolaryngology trainees.

Main Methods:

  • A survey-based study was conducted at a single-center tertiary medical center.
  • Medical students and otolaryngology residents (n=19) participated after the model's construction.
  • Participants completed the Michigan Standard Simulation Experience Scale (MiSSES) before and after performing five injections using the model.

Main Results:

  • Before simulation, 18 out of 19 participants reported low confidence in peroral VF injections.
  • Post-simulation, participants found the model realistic and reported improved confidence and ability.
  • The overall simulation experience received a high rating of 4.8/5.

Conclusions:

  • The developed low-cost, reproducible model effectively enhanced trainee confidence and skill in peroral VF injections.
  • This simulation model is a valuable educational tool for teaching basic in-office peroral VF injection techniques.
  • It represents a significant addition to otolaryngology residency training curricula.