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Tuberculosis in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus
Jomkwan Ongarj1,2, Porntip Intapiboon3, Rachel Tanner2
1Department of Biomedical Sciences and Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand.
Frontiers in Immunology
|September 17, 2025
Summary
Tuberculosis (TB) risk is higher in patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), particularly during immunosuppressant treatment. This review explores how active SLE immune disturbances, even without immunosuppressants, may influence TB risk.
Area of Science:
- Immunology
- Infectious Diseases
- Rheumatology
Background:
- Tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, affects millions globally.
- Immunocompromised individuals face increased TB infection or reactivation risk.
- Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) patients on immunosuppressants have a higher risk of TB.
Purpose of the Study:
- To review the pathogenesis of TB and SLE.
- To investigate the influence of active SLE immune disturbances on TB risk, independent of immunosuppressant treatment.
Main Methods:
- Literature review of TB and SLE pathogenesis.
- Analysis of autoimmune responses in SLE and their potential impact on TB risk.
Main Results:
- SLE is associated with increased TB risk, especially during immunosuppressive therapy.
- The impact of active SLE immune dysregulation on TB risk without immunosuppressants requires further clarification.
Conclusions:
- Understanding the interplay between SLE and TB is crucial for patient management.
- Further research is needed to elucidate the specific mechanisms by which SLE influences TB susceptibility.
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