Type 2 Torpedo Maculopathy With Outer Retinal Cavitation in a Young Adult: A Case Report and Literature Review

Torpedo maculopathy (TM) is a rare, congenital chorioretinal disorder defined by a solitary, fusiform hypopigmented lesion at the temporal macula. Although most patients are typically asymptomatic, clinical variations have been described, and the possibility of progression remains a subject of interest. This report presents a case of an otherwise healthy 22-year-old man with a type 2 TM lesion, featuring outer retinal cavitation and choroidal excavation, confirmed through multi-modal imaging including widefield color photography, autofluorescence, spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), OCT angiography, and indocyanine green angiography. There were no signs of choroidal neovascularization or subretinal fluid, and the patient remained stable with no visual changes at his 6-month follow-up. This case adds to the growing body of evidence that Type 2 TM with cavitation is not exclusive to older patients and can be present in young adulthood, highlighting the need for long-term monitoring to understand the condition's natural history.