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Updated: Jan 17, 2026
Protocols of 3D Bioprinting of Gelatin Methacryloyl Hydrogel Based Bioinks
Published on: December 21, 2019
Biocompatible hydrogel microspheres based on modified silk fibroin and gelatin for injectable 3D bone tissue
Changsheng Lu1, Runqing Shen2, Xiao Wang1
1State Key Laboratory of Marine Environmental Science, Key Laboratory of Underwater Acoustic Communication and Marine Information Technology Ministry of Education, College of Ocean and Earth Sciences, Xiamen University, Xiamen, Fujian 361102, People's Republic of China.
Abstract:
Currently investigated two-dimensional cell culture systems are typically inadequate for large-scale cell expansion and prone to causing altered cell morphology, aberrant differentiation, and distorted protein expression. To overcome these limitations, a glycidyl methacrylate-modified silk fibroin (SFMA)/methacrylic anhydride-modified gelatin (GelMA) interpenetrating polymer network hydrogel (SFMA-GelMA) was developed via microfluidic fabrication for three-dimensional (3D) bone tissue engineering applications. With increased SFMA content, the molecular chains in SFMA-GelMA undergo a structural transformation from random coil toβ-sheet andβ-crystallite, enhancing storage modulus to about 500 Pa and extending degradation duration from about 47.7% to 84.3% mass retention over 7d. The higher GelMA content with the arginine-glycine-aspartic acid sequence in SFMA-GelMA facilitated early cell adhesion, provided interconnected pores (5-80 μm diameter), and promoted the osteogenic differentiation of MC3T3-E1preosteoblasts in 3D culture, as confirmed by alkaline phosphatase activity up to about 45 U mg-1protein. Overall, SFMA-GelMA shows substantial potential as a 3D cell culture scaffold and injectable material for regenerative medicine, particularly in bone tissue engineering.
