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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Early Pathological and Magnetic Resonance Detection of Cerebral Injury Using a Rat Model of Neonatal Hypoxic Ischemic Encephalopathy
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Intermittent Hypoxemia and Brain Injury Biomarker S100B in Preterm Infants.

Elie G Abu Jawdeh1,2, Linda J Van Eldik3, Jennifer Stevenson4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, and Children's Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, TX.

Medrxiv : the Preprint Server for Health Sciences
|September 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary S100B levels increase with intermittent hypoxemia (IH) burden in preterm infants. This suggests urinary S100B may serve as an early, noninvasive biomarker for IH-related brain injury in this vulnerable population.

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarker Discovery

Background:

  • Intermittent hypoxemia (IH) is a prevalent complication in preterm infants (≤32 weeks' gestation).
  • IH is strongly associated with an increased risk of neonatal brain injury.
  • S100B, a glial-derived protein, is an early indicator of neural injury and measurable in urine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between the burden of intermittent hypoxemia (IH) and urinary S100B levels.
  • To determine if urinary S100B can serve as a noninvasive biomarker for brain injury in preterm infants.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective enrollment of preterm infants (≤32 weeks' gestation).
  • Continuous monitoring of oxygen saturation to quantify IH profiles.
  • Measurement of urinary S100B using ultrasensitive immunoassay.
  • Statistical analysis using Spearman correlations to assess associations between IH metrics and S100B.

Main Results:

  • Higher urinary S100B levels correlated significantly with increased IH frequency, duration, and lower saturation nadirs (p <0.05).
  • Short IH events showed strongest correlations with S100B for frequency and percent time.
  • Longer IH events correlated most strongly with S100B for saturation nadir.
  • Associations varied by gestational age, with stronger links in extremely preterm infants.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary S100B levels rise in proportion to the burden of intermittent hypoxemia in preterm infants.
  • The relationship between S100B and IH metrics is influenced by gestational age and IH event characteristics.
  • Urinary S100B shows promise as an early, noninvasive biomarker for detecting IH-related brain injury in preterm neonates.