Related Experiment Video
Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
Published on: March 14, 2013
Intermittent Hypoxemia and Brain Injury Biomarker S100B in Preterm Infants
Elie G Abu Jawdeh1,2, Linda J Van Eldik3, Jennifer Stevenson4
1Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, and Children's Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA, elie.abujawdeh@utsouthwestern.edu.
Introduction:
Intermittent hypoxemia (IH) is common in preterm infants and linked to brain injury. S100B is a glial-derived protein that rises early after neural injury and can be measured noninvasively in urine. We evaluated the relationship between IH burden and urinary S100B in preterm infants of ≤32 weeks' gestation.
Methods:
Preterm infants of ≤32 weeks' gestation were prospectively enrolled. Oxygen saturation was continuously monitored, and IH profiles were quantified using validated algorithms. Urine S100B was measured by ultrasensitive immunoassay and normalized for urinary creatinine. Infants with severe intraventricular hemorrhage were excluded. Weighted Spearman correlations examined associations between IH metrics and urinary S100B, overall and by gestational age subgroups.
Results:
Twenty-one infants contributed 53 urine samples. Higher urinary S100B correlated with greater IH frequency, percent time in hypoxemia, longer event duration, and lower nadir saturations (all p < 0.05). Short events showed the strongest correlations for frequency (ρ = 0.49) and percent time (ρ = 0.51), while longer events correlated most strongly with nadir (ρ = -0.69). Extremely preterm infants demonstrated stronger associations for nadir and duration; very preterm infants only for event severity. S100B increased stepwise across IH burden tertiles.
Conclusions:
Urinary S100B increases with IH burden, with patterns varying by gestational age and event duration. Urinary S100B may provide an early, noninvasive biomarker of IH-related brain injury in preterm infants.
Related Concept Videos
Teratogenicity
Inborn Errors of Metabolism
Pharmacokinetics in Pediatric Patients: Drug Metabolism
Hepatic Encephalopathy
Secondary Spinal Cord Injury llI: Pathophysiology

