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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jul 1, 2026

Non-invasive Optical Measurement of Cerebral Metabolism and Hemodynamics in Infants
11:39

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Intermittent Hypoxemia and Brain Injury Biomarker S100B in Preterm Infants.

Elie G Abu Jawdeh1,2, Linda J Van Eldik3, Jennifer Stevenson4

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, UT Southwestern Medical Center, and Children's Medical Center of Dallas, Dallas, Texas, USA, elie.abujawdeh@utsouthwestern.edu.

Neonatology
|February 27, 2026
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Urinary S100B protein levels rise with intermittent hypoxemia (IH) burden in preterm infants. This noninvasive biomarker may indicate IH-related brain injury, with patterns varying by gestational age.

Keywords:
BiomarkersBrain injuryIntermittent hypoxemiaPreterm infantsS100B

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Area of Science:

  • Neonatal Medicine
  • Neuroscience
  • Biomarkers

Background:

  • Intermittent hypoxemia (IH) is a prevalent complication in preterm infants, strongly associated with adverse neurodevelopmental outcomes and brain injury.
  • S100B, a glial-derived protein, is an early indicator of neural injury and can be detected noninvasively in urine.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the association between the burden of intermittent hypoxemia (IH) and urinary S100B levels in preterm infants.
  • To explore the potential of urinary S100B as a noninvasive biomarker for detecting IH-related brain injury in this vulnerable population.

Main Methods:

  • Prospective enrollment of preterm infants (≤32 weeks' gestation) with continuous oxygen saturation monitoring.
  • Quantification of IH profiles using validated algorithms and measurement of urinary S100B via ultrasensitive immunoassay, normalized to creatinine.
  • Weighted Spearman correlations were used to analyze associations between IH metrics and urinary S100B, considering gestational age subgroups.

Main Results:

  • A significant positive correlation was observed between higher urinary S100B levels and increased IH frequency, duration, and severity (lower nadir saturations).
  • The strength of correlation varied by IH event duration and infant's gestational age, with shorter events strongly linked to frequency/time and longer events to nadir.
  • Urinary S100B demonstrated a stepwise increase across tertiles of IH burden, indicating a dose-response relationship.

Conclusions:

  • Urinary S100B levels are elevated in preterm infants with a higher burden of intermittent hypoxemia.
  • The relationship between urinary S100B and IH metrics is influenced by gestational age and the characteristics of hypoxemic events.
  • Urinary S100B emerges as a promising noninvasive biomarker for early detection of IH-related brain injury in preterm neonates.