Jove
Visualize
Contact Us
JoVE
x logofacebook logolinkedin logoyoutube logo
ABOUT JoVE
OverviewLeadershipBlogJoVE Help Center
AUTHORS
Publishing ProcessEditorial BoardScope & PoliciesPeer ReviewFAQSubmit
LIBRARIANS
TestimonialsSubscriptionsAccessResourcesLibrary Advisory BoardFAQ
RESEARCH
JoVE JournalMethods CollectionsJoVE Encyclopedia of ExperimentsArchive
EDUCATION
JoVE CoreJoVE BusinessJoVE Science EducationJoVE Lab ManualFaculty Resource CenterFaculty Site
Terms & Conditions of Use
Privacy Policy
Policies

Related Concept Videos

Surveys02:16

Surveys

16.6K
Often, psychologists develop surveys as a means of gathering data. Surveys are lists of questions to be answered by research participants, and can be delivered as paper-and-pencil questionnaires, administered electronically, or conducted verbally. Generally, the survey itself can be completed in a short time, and the ease of administering a survey makes it easy to collect data from a large number of people.
16.6K
Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia01:30

Negative and Cognitive Symptoms of Schizophrenia

470
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia indicate a reduction or absence of typical behaviors and emotional responses found in healthy individuals, while positive symptoms reflect an excess or distortion of normal functioning.
Negative Symptoms
Negative symptoms of schizophrenia manifest as deficits in normal emotional and behavioral functioning, profoundly impacting daily life. Individuals with schizophrenia often display a flat affect, characterized by a near-total absence of emotional expression,...
470
Confirmation Biases01:31

Confirmation Biases

7.8K
The confirmation bias is the tendency to focus on information that confirms our existing beliefs and ignore information that is inconsistent with our expectations. For example, if you think that your professor is not very nice, you notice all of the instances of rude behavior exhibited by the professor while ignoring the countless pleasant interactions he is involved in on a daily basis. Have you ever fallen prey to the confirmation bias, either as the source or target of such bias?
7.8K
Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination02:55

Stereotypes, Prejudice, and Discrimination

95.0K
Humans are very diverse and although we share many similarities, we also have many differences. The social groups we belong to help form our identities (Tajfel, 1974). These differences may be difficult for some people to reconcile, which may lead to prejudice toward people who are different. Prejudice is a negative attitude and feeling toward an individual based solely on one’s membership in a particular social group (Allport, 1954; Brown, 2010). Prejudice is common against people who...
95.0K
Sign Test for Median of Single Population01:20

Sign Test for Median of Single Population

344
In general, the sign test serves as a nonparametric method to test hypotheses about the median of a single population when the data does not follow a known distribution. This simplicity makes it particularly useful for small sample sizes or when the assumptions of parametric tests cannot be met. The process begins with identifying a null hypothesis, typically stating that the population median equals a specific value. The alternative hypothesis could be that the median is either not equal to,...
344
Barriers to Effective Communication II01:21

Barriers to Effective Communication II

4.5K
The barriers to effective communication also include cultural barriers, semantic barriers, gender barriers, and time constraints.
Cultural barriers:
Differences in values, beliefs, religion, knowledge, and tradition can significantly impact communication. Awareness of nonverbal cues is critical, especially when conversing with a patient from a different culture. What appears appropriate in one culture may be inappropriate in another.
Semantic barriers:
As a result of their tendency to use...
4.5K

You might also read

Related Articles

Articles linked to this work by shared authors, journal, and citation graph.

Sort by
Same author

Baseline Characteristics and Social Challenges of Children with Sickle Cell Disease in Haiti and after Immigration to the United States: A Comparative Cohort Study.

Journal of racial and ethnic health disparities·2026
Same author

Familial Experiences of Crisis Exposure and Cultural Stress With Depressive Symptoms Among Venezuelan Parent-Adolescent Dyads in the United States.

Family process·2026
Same author

Measuring General Health Literacy in Haitian Immigrant Adults: Validation of the HLS<sub>19</sub>-Q12 Instrument in Haitian Creole.

International journal of environmental research and public health·2026
Same author

How do pre-migration crisis exposures and post-migration cultural stressors shape mental health symptoms among Venezuelan youth in the United States and Colombia?

Social science & medicine (1982)·2026
Same author

Factors That Contribute to the Contextual Adaptation of Communities That Care for Romania: A Thematic Key Informant Analysis.

Journal of prevention (2022)·2026
Same author

Aggression and personal values in immigrant adolescents: A longitudinal examination of reciprocal associations.

Journal of research on adolescence : the official journal of the Society for Research on Adolescence·2026
Same journal

Development and Preliminary Validation of the Complicated and Adaptive Grief Inventory for Native Americans.

The Counseling psychologist·2025
Same journal

Trauma-Related Distress During the COVID-19 Pandemic In 59 Countries.

The Counseling psychologist·2023
Same journal

Supervisor Cultural Humility and Supervisee Nondisclosure: The Supervisory Working Alliance Matters.

The Counseling psychologist·2023
Same journal

Transgender Dehumanization and Mental Health: Microaggressions, Sexual Objectification, and Shame.

The Counseling psychologist·2023
Same journal

Career Barriers and Coping Efficacy with International Students in Counseling Psychology Programs.

The Counseling psychologist·2023
Same journal

Postdeployment Treatment Gap: Symptoms and Treatment Utilization Among Returning National Guard Soldiers.

The Counseling psychologist·2022
See all related articles

Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
06:15

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

Published on: July 10, 2017

13.4K

Validating the Negative Context of Reception Scale for Mainland Puerto Ricans.

Seth J Schwartz1, Mildred M Maldonado-Molina2, Melissa M Bates2

  • 1University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX, USA.

The Counseling Psychologist
|September 18, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

This study validates the Negative Context of Reception Scale for Puerto Rican Hurricane Maria survivors, finding it reliable for assessing their experiences and mental health. The scale aids counselors in supporting this population.

Keywords:
Hurricane MariaPuerto Ricanscontext of receptioncultural stressinternalizing symptoms

More Related Videos

Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
07:40

Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

Published on: May 31, 2021

3.8K
Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish
14:43

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish

Published on: July 18, 2020

8.5K

Related Experiment Videos

Last Updated: Jan 17, 2026

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents
06:15

A Modified Trier Social Stress Test for Vulnerable Mexican American Adolescents

Published on: July 10, 2017

13.4K
Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design
07:40

Validation of a Psychosocial Intervention on Body Image in Older People: An Experimental Design

Published on: May 31, 2021

3.8K
Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish
14:43

Universal Screening for Prevention of Reading, Writing, and Math Disabilities in Spanish

Published on: July 18, 2020

8.5K

Area of Science:

  • Psychology
  • Sociology
  • Disaster Mental Health

Background:

  • Hurricane Maria caused significant trauma and displacement for Puerto Ricans.
  • Understanding the "negative context of reception" is crucial for survivors' mental health.
  • Existing scales need validation for specific survivor populations.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the validity and reliability of the Negative Context of Reception Scale (NCRS) for Puerto Rican Hurricane Maria survivors.
  • To examine the NCRS's psychometric properties across diverse demographic groups.
  • To establish the NCRS as a tool for mental health professionals working with this population.

Main Methods:

  • Confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) were used to evaluate the scale's structure.
  • Multigroup invariance tests assessed scale equivalence across gender, age, arrival year, and English proficiency.
  • Correlations were calculated between the NCRS and measures of discrimination, language stress, mental health, and well-being.

Main Results:

  • The one-factor solution for the NCRS demonstrated adequate fit to the data.
  • The scale showed largely equivalent fit across demographic subgroups, indicating good invariance.
  • Negative context of reception positively correlated with discrimination, language stress, depression, and anxiety; negatively with optimism and life satisfaction.

Conclusions:

  • The Negative Context of Reception Scale is a valid and reliable instrument for Puerto Rican Hurricane Maria survivors.
  • The scale can be used by counselors to assess clients' experiences and inform interventions.
  • Potential item order adjustments may further enhance the scale's psychometric properties.