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Postdeployment Treatment Gap: Symptoms and Treatment Utilization Among Returning National Guard Soldiers
Simon B Goldberg1, Anthony W P Flynn1, Maleeha Abbas2
1University of Wisconsin-Madison.
The Counseling Psychologist
|August 8, 2022
Summary
Many National Guard members experience psychiatric symptoms post-deployment, with a significant increase in alcohol use disorder (AUD) symptoms. Despite high symptom rates, mental health treatment utilization remains low, highlighting a critical need for improved access and support.
Area of Science:
- Military Mental Health
- Psychiatry
- Public Health
Background:
- The post-deployment period presents unique mental health challenges for military personnel.
- National Guard service members face specific stressors related to their part-time service and civilian integration.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the prevalence of psychiatric symptoms and mental health treatment utilization in National Guard service members after deployment.
- To identify changes in symptomology and treatment seeking behaviors over a 6-month follow-up period.
Main Methods:
- A cohort of 311 National Guard service members completed surveys on demographics, beliefs about mental health treatment, emotion regulation, and psychiatric symptoms.
- Mental health treatment utilization was assessed at a 6-month follow-up point.
Main Results:
- Over 41% of participants reported psychiatric symptoms above clinical cut-offs immediately post-deployment, rising to 53.5% at follow-up.
- Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) symptoms significantly increased (d=0.66), alongside smaller increases in depression and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) symptoms.
- Only 27.8% of those with elevated symptoms sought mental health treatment, with treatment users reporting higher depression, anxiety, and PTSD severity.
Conclusions:
- The post-deployment phase is a critical window for mental health concerns in National Guard members.
- Low mental health treatment utilization necessitates further investigation into and mitigation of treatment barriers.
- Targeted interventions are required to support this population's mental well-being.
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