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Percutaneous Ultrasound-Guided Biopsy for Sampling Neck Lesions.
Amir A Satani1, Jisoo Kim2, Thomas F Flood2
1Center for Evidence-Based Imaging, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts.
JAMA Otolaryngology-- Head & Neck Surgery
|September 18, 2025
Summary
Ultrasound-guided biopsy is effective for diagnosing neck lesions, including lymphoma. Core-needle biopsy (CNB) offers high diagnostic yield, potentially reducing the need for surgical excisional biopsy.
Area of Science:
- Radiology
- Oncology
- Pathology
Background:
- Percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy is suggested for lymphoma diagnosis, but its effectiveness needs reporting.
- A standardized workflow is needed to assess image-guided biopsy effectiveness, removing referral biases.
Purpose of the Study:
- To evaluate the diagnostic sufficiency of core-needle biopsy (CNB) and fine-needle aspiration (FNA) for neck lesions.
- To assess if these biopsies can replace excisional biopsies in a referral setting.
Main Methods:
- Prospective cohort study at an academic medical institution.
- Analysis of consecutive patients undergoing percutaneous ultrasound-guided neck biopsies (CNB/FNA) from June 1 to August 31, 2024.
- Comparison of diagnostic yield and subsequent excisional biopsy rates.
Main Results:
- Overall diagnostic yield was 94.3% (149/158 biopsies).
- CNB showed higher yield (97.9%) than FNA (88.5%).
- No lymphoma diagnoses were missed; yield was 97.4% when lymphoma was suspected. Complications were minimal (1 infection).
Conclusions:
- Up-front percutaneous ultrasound-guided biopsy is effective and safe for neck lesion diagnosis.
- CNB provides high diagnostic yield, potentially eliminating the need for excisional biopsy, even for suspected lymphoma.
- This approach streamlines diagnosis and reduces invasive procedures.

