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Daniel S Alber1,2, Shiheng Zhao3,4,5, Alexandre O Jacinto6

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Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Tissue deformations during development can be passive. This study uses the Drosophila hindgut to show boundary forces drive complex shape changes, like a triangular keyhole, through mechanical processes.

Keywords:
Drosophila developmentmechanical bifurcationmorphogenesistissue mechanics

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Area of Science:

  • Developmental Biology
  • Biophysics
  • Morphogenesis

Background:

  • Tissue deformations during morphogenesis are driven by internal active processes or external passive boundary stresses.
  • The Drosophila hindgut primordium offers a model to investigate boundary-driven tissue morphogenesis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To characterize the 3D deformations of the Drosophila hindgut primordium.
  • To determine if complex hindgut shape changes result from passive boundary forces.
  • To model the mechanical basis of these deformations.

Main Methods:

  • Characterization of 3D tissue deformations in the Drosophila hindgut.
  • Construction of a minimal elastic ring model on an ellipsoidal surface.
  • Quantification of tissue kinematics using contour analysis.
  • Modeling of passive deformation under boundary conditions.

Main Results:

  • The Drosophila hindgut exhibits an intermediate "triangular keyhole" shape during 3D deformation.
  • A minimal model robustly captures this symmetry-breaking shape change.
  • Hindgut deformation occurs in two stages: surface translation and rapid shape symmetry breaking.
  • Observed kinematics are consistent with a passive deformation model.

Conclusions:

  • Complex hindgut morphogenesis can be a passive consequence of surrounding active embryonic tissue deformations.
  • Uniform boundary conditions are sufficient to generate non-uniform shape changes.
  • This passive mechanism provides a framework for understanding blastopore-equivalent shapes and global morphologies in development.