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Signal suppression makes search less effortful.

Brad T Stilwell1,2, Brian A Anderson3

  • 1Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, USA. brad.t.stilwell@gmail.com.

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|September 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary
This summary is machine-generated.

Individuals prefer efficient visual search, even when it requires more effort to suppress distracting stimuli. This indicates a preference for optimized search performance over minimizing neural suppression demands.

Keywords:
Attentional captureEffortSalienceSuppressionVisual attention

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Area of Science:

  • Cognitive psychology
  • Neuroscience
  • Visual attention

Background:

  • Physically salient stimuli capture attention, but can be suppressed.
  • Suppression efficiency varies with distractor salience.
  • The mental effort cost of suppressing salient distractors is debated.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate the relationship between distractor salience, visual search efficiency, and subjective mental effort.
  • To determine if individuals exert more physical effort to avoid suppressing highly salient distractors.
  • To understand preferences for search conditions with varying distractor salience.

Main Methods:

  • Utilized a novel method linking physical effort exertion to perceived mental effort.
  • Assessed observer motivation to exert physical effort to avoid distractor suppression.
  • Manipulated distractor salience (high vs. low) in visual search tasks.

Main Results:

  • Replicated greater suppression for high-salience distractors.
  • Participants exerted more physical effort to avoid displays with high-salience distractors.
  • This preference disappeared when distractor salience equally captured attention.

Conclusions:

  • Observers prefer search conditions that maximize efficiency, even if they require greater neural suppression.
  • The efficiency of visual search influences motivation for effort exertion.
  • Subjective effort is influenced by the balance between search efficiency and suppression demands.