Review of the Application of UAV Edge Computing in Fire Rescue

The use of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) attracts significant attention, especially in fire emergency rescue, where UAVs serve as indispensable tools. In fire rescue scenarios, the rapid increase in the amount of data collected and transmitted by sensors poses significant challenges to traditional methods of data storage and computing. Sensor-data processing utilizing UAV edge computing technology is emerging as a research hotspot in this field and aims to address the challenges of data preprocessing and feature analysis during fire emergency rescue. This review first analyzes fire-rescue scenarios involving UAV, including forest fires, high-rise building fires, chemical plant fires, and mine fires. Then it discusses the current status of UAV edge computing technology and its application to integrating sensor data in fire emergency rescue, analyzes the advantages and disadvantages of UAV use in fire scenarios, and identifies challenges during by UAV operations in environments with no GNSS signal. Finally, based on the analysis of fire emergency-rescue scenarios, this review argues that compared with centralized computing centers and cloud computing, distributed UAV edge computing technology based on sensor data exhibits higher mobility and timeliness and is more adaptable to the urgent nature of emergency rescue. This review also seeks to provide support and reference for the research and development of UAV edge technology.