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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

In Situ High Pressure Hydrogen Tribological Testing of Common Polymer Materials Used in the Hydrogen Delivery Infrastructure
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Hydrogen Sensors Based on Pd-Based Materials: A Review.

Shubin Yan1,2, Yuhao Cao1,2,3, Yiru Su1

  • 1School of Electrical Engineering, Zhejiang University of Water Resources and Electric Power, Hangzhou 310018, China.

Sensors (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 19, 2025
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Summary

Safe hydrogen energy relies on early detection. This study reviews palladium-based hydrogen sensors, detailing their mechanism and performance for reliable hydrogen monitoring.

Keywords:
hydrogen sensorhydrogen-sensitive materialpalladiumtesting technologythin film

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Chemical Engineering
  • Energy Science

Background:

  • Hydrogen is a promising clean energy source, but its safe utilization requires effective detection methods.
  • Accurate hydrogen detection is crucial to prevent explosive conditions, ensuring safety in hydrogen energy applications.
  • Palladium (Pd) is a key material for hydrogen sensors due to its significant hydrogen absorption capabilities.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To elucidate the fundamental mechanism of hydrogen absorption in palladium.
  • To comprehensively review the performance characteristics of diverse palladium-based hydrogen sensors.
  • To highlight advancements in palladium-based sensor technology for hydrogen detection.

Main Methods:

  • Review of existing literature on palladium-hydrogen interactions.
  • Analysis of the intrinsic mechanisms governing hydrogen absorption in palladium.
  • Comparative assessment of various palladium-based hydrogen sensor designs and their performance metrics.

Main Results:

  • Detailed explanation of the intrinsic mechanism of hydrogen absorption by palladium metal.
  • Compilation and analysis of performance data for different types of palladium-based hydrogen sensors.
  • Identification of key factors influencing sensor sensitivity, selectivity, and response time.

Conclusions:

  • Palladium-based sensors are effective for hydrogen detection due to palladium's unique absorption properties.
  • Understanding the hydrogen absorption mechanism is vital for optimizing sensor performance.
  • Further research into palladium-based sensors can enhance the safety and efficiency of hydrogen energy systems.