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Quantifying active sites is key for improving copper catalysts for electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction (CO2RR). A new CO displacement method accurately measures active sites, revealing electropolished copper foil

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Area of Science:

  • Electrochemistry
  • Materials Science
  • Catalysis

Background:

  • Copper-based electrodes show promise for electrochemical CO2 reduction (CO2RR).
  • Improving intrinsic activity requires accurate quantification of active sites.
  • Current methods like electrochemical surface area (ECSA) may not precisely quantify active sites.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and validate a more accurate method for quantifying active sites in CO2RR catalysts.
  • To compare the proposed method with ECSA for active site quantification.
  • To determine the intrinsic activity of copper-based catalysts using the new method.

Main Methods:

  • A novel CO displacement method was employed to quantify active sites.
  • Measurements were conducted in potassium phosphate buffer at 10 °C.
  • Electrochemical surface area (ECSA) was measured using double-layer capacitance for comparison.

Main Results:

  • The CO displacement method provides a more accurate quantification of active sites compared to ECSA.
  • Electropolished copper foil exhibited the highest intrinsic activity for CO2RR when normalized by CO displacement active sites.
  • A correlation was observed between surface roughness and the production of chained products.

Conclusions:

  • CO displacement is a superior technique for active site quantification in CO2RR.
  • Electropolished copper demonstrates high intrinsic activity for CO2RR.
  • Surface roughness influences the formation of chained products in CO2RR.