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Related Concept Videos

Self-Report Tests of Personality01:22

Self-Report Tests of Personality

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Self-report inventories are objective personality assessments that use multiple-choice items or numbered scales, typically ranging from 1 (strongly disagree) to 5 (strongly agree). They are often called Likert scales after Rensis Likert. These inventories are widely used due to their ease of administration and cost-effectiveness. One of the most prominent examples is the Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), initially developed in the 1940s to assess abnormal personality traits.
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Pilot Evaluation of the Biopsychosocial Screening Inventory for Fragile X Syndrome (BIPSSI-FX) with an Extended African American Family.

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Related Experiment Video

Updated: Jan 17, 2026

A Robust Polymerase Chain Reaction-based Assay for Quantifying Cytosine-guanine-guanine Trinucleotide Repeats in Fragile X Mental Retardation-1 Gene
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A Parent-Response Screening Inventory for Fragile X Syndrome: Development & Testing with an International Sample.

Vanessa A Johnson1, Yolanda M Powell-Young2, Bradley Brossman3

  • 1Florida AtLantic University's Christine E. Lynn College of Nursing.

Journal of Theory Construction & Testing
|September 19, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Parents can help detect Fragile X syndrome early. The Biopsychosocial Screening Inventory for Fragile X (BIPSSI-FX) is a new tool to help identify this common cause of intellectual disability in children.

Keywords:
African AmericanFMR1 GeneFragile X SyndromeInternationalParent Response ToolScreening

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Area of Science:

  • Genetics and Developmental Pediatrics
  • Child Psychology and Behavioral Science

Background:

  • Fragile X syndrome is the most common inherited cause of intellectual disability in children.
  • Genetic mutations in the FMR1 gene lead to Fragile X syndrome.
  • Early recognition and intervention are crucial for managing Fragile X syndrome, but subtle early signs can delay diagnosis.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To develop and refine a reliable and valid parent-response screening tool for early detection of Fragile X syndrome.
  • To create the Biopsychosocial Screening Inventory for Fragile X (BIPSSI-FX) for use by caregivers.
  • To facilitate earlier identification and treatment of children with Fragile X syndrome.

Main Methods:

  • A mixed-methods exploratory study was conducted with 886 caregivers of children aged 1-18 years.
  • Participants were recruited internationally from 22 countries across 5 continents.
  • The study focused on refining the BIPSSI-FX instrument through caregiver responses.

Main Results:

  • The study successfully refined the Biopsychosocial Screening Inventory for Fragile X (BIPSSI-FX).
  • The refined BIPSSI-FX demonstrated reliability and validity as a parent-response inventory.
  • The instrument is designed for early detection of Fragile X syndrome by caregivers.

Conclusions:

  • The BIPSSI-FX is a valuable tool for parents to aid in the early recognition of Fragile X syndrome.
  • Empowering parents with screening tools can improve early detection rates for this common intellectual disability.
  • Further use of BIPSSI-FX can support timely intervention and management for affected children.