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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Gradient Echo Quantum Memory in Warm Atomic Vapor

Published on: November 11, 2013

Ferroelectric-based Pockels photonic memory.

Zefeng Xu^1,2,3, Chun-Kuei Chen^1,3, Hong-Lin Lin¹

¹Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, National University of Singapore (NUS), Singapore, 117583, Singapore.

Nature Communications

|September 19, 2025

Summary

This summary is machine-generated.

Researchers developed Pockels photonic memory using ferroelectrics and lithium niobate. This fast, low-energy electro-optic device offers non-volatile optical memory states with femtojoule energy efficiency.

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Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Quasi-light Storage for Optical Data Packets

Published on: February 6, 2014

Area of Science:

Photonics and Materials Science
Integrated Optics
Non-volatile Memory Technologies

Background:

Efficient data transfer between memory and photonic components is hindered by the "memory wall."
There is a critical need for fast, low-energy electro-optic photonic memory solutions.
Existing photonic memory solutions often face limitations in energy efficiency and speed.

Purpose of the Study:

To demonstrate an energy-efficient electro-optic photonic memory device.
To explore the integration of ferroelectric field-effect transistors with lithium niobate on insulator micro ring resonators.
To achieve non-volatile optical memory states with ultra-low energy consumption.

Main Methods:

Utilized low-field switchable ferroelectrics combined with lithium niobate's Pockel's effect.
Integrated a ferroelectric field-effect transistor with a lithium niobate on insulator micro ring resonator.
Characterized optical memory states, energy cost, data retention, and read-write endurance.

Main Results:

Achieved switchable and non-volatile multiple optical memory states (6 states per transistor).
Demonstrated ultra-low energy cost at the femtojoule/state level.
Confirmed robust 10-year data retention and over 10^7 read-write cycles.

Conclusions:

Pockels photonic memory offers a promising solution for energy-efficient data movement in photonic systems.
The developed device enables the scaling of reconfigurable photonic systems with femtojoule/state energy efficiencies.
Linear memory state stacking was demonstrated, enhancing device functionality.