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Li2S Cathode Mediated by Diphenyl Chalcogenides in All-Solid-State Batteries.

Chenxin Huang1, Junsheng Fan1, Wenxuan Sun1

  • 1College of Chemistry, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, P. R. China.

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|September 20, 2025
PubMed
Summary

Diphenyl chalcogenides, like diphenyl ditelluride, act as redox mediators to lower the high activation voltage of lithium sulfide cathodes in solid-state batteries, improving performance and stability.

Keywords:
all solid‐state batterydiphenyl chalcogenideslithium batterylithium sulfide

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Area of Science:

  • Materials Science
  • Electrochemistry
  • Energy Storage

Background:

  • Lithium sulfide (Li2S) is a promising cathode material for all-solid-state batteries.
  • Li2S exhibits high ion and electron blocking, leading to high charge overpotential and potential electrolyte decomposition.
  • Sulfide electrolytes have a narrow electrochemical window, limiting battery operation.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To investigate diphenyl chalcogenides as redox mediators to reduce the initial charge voltage of Li2S.
  • To improve the utilization of Li2S in all-solid-state lithium-sulfur batteries.
  • To enhance the stability and energy density of solid-state batteries.

Main Methods:

  • Synthesis and characterization of Li2S-diphenyl chalcogenide composites.
  • Electrochemical testing of all-solid-state batteries utilizing Li2S-diphenyl chalcogenide cathodes.
  • Evaluation of battery performance, including initial charge capacity, voltage, and cycling stability.

Main Results:

  • Diphenyl ditelluride (DPDTe) demonstrated the highest initial charge capacity for Li2S (963.1 mAh g-1).
  • The Li2S-DPDTe composite cathode enabled a low initial charge voltage of 2.4 V with Li7P3S11 electrolyte and In-Li anode.
  • The battery maintained an average areal discharge capacity of 0.9 mAh cm-2 after 360 cycles.

Conclusions:

  • Diphenyl chalcogenides effectively act as redox mediators to lower the activation overpotential of Li2S.
  • This approach aligns with the electrochemical window of sulfide electrolytes, enabling higher Li2S utilization.
  • The findings provide valuable insights for developing high-energy-density all-solid-state batteries.