Mogroside V: Molecular mechanisms and therapeutic applications

Area of Science:

• Biochemistry
• Pharmacology
• Molecular Biology

Background:

• Mogroside V (MV) is a key bioactive compound in Siraitia grosvenorii.
• MV exhibits therapeutic effects against oxidative stress, inflammation, osteoporosis, diabetes, obesity, and nervous system damage.
• A comprehensive review of MV's molecular mechanisms and therapeutic pathways is lacking.

Purpose of the Study:

• To systematically review and summarize the recent advancements in understanding the molecular mechanisms of Mogroside V (MV).
• To elucidate the therapeutic potential of MV by analyzing its effects on core signaling pathways.
• To consolidate current knowledge on MV's multifaceted biological functions.

Main Methods:

• Literature search conducted across PubMed, Web of Science, and Google Scholar.
• Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway analysis utilized.
• Exploration of MV's mechanisms of action on various disease models.

Main Results:

• MV exerts anti-inflammatory effects via JAK/STAT, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, TLR4, and ERS-UPR pathways.
• MV's antioxidant properties are mediated through Nrf2/HO-1, PI3K/Akt, and SIRT pathways.
• MV impacts metabolism by targeting AMPK for obesity, PI3K/Akt/GLUT2 for diabetes, and TUG1 for osteogenesis.

Conclusions:

• Mogroside V (MV) demonstrates potential as a multi-target therapeutic agent.
• Further investigation into MV's bioavailability and clinical translation is recommended.
• MV's complex molecular mechanisms offer promising avenues for disease treatment.