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Updated: Jan 17, 2026

Treatment Model for Young Patients with Psychogenic Erectile Dysfunction and Resultant Infertility
Published on: May 30, 2025
Evaluating a non-pharmacological treatment for primary premature ejaculation patients with low sexual frequency: a
Qing-Qiang Gao1, Chao-Ba He2, Bin Wang1
1Department of Andrology, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing, 210008, China.
Background:
Premature ejaculation (PE) is a common male sexual dysfunction with treatment limitations including side effects and partner dependency.
Aim:
To evaluate vacuum negative pressure hydropneumatic/pneumatic bubble massage (VNPHP/PBM) efficacy in primary PE (PPE) patients stratified by sexual frequency, focusing on subjective low-frequency (avoidance due to PE) vs objective low-frequency subgroups.
Methods:
Retrospective analysis of 42 PPE patients: 22 low-frequency (LF; <4 intercourse/month) including 13 subjective (sub-LF) and 9 objective (ob-LF) vs 20 non-low-frequency (NLF; ≥4/month).
Outcomes:
Primary: intravaginal ejaculation latency time (IELT); secondary: Premature Ejaculation Diagnostic Tool (PEDT), Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (SAS) scores, and sexual frequency changes at 4 weeks.
Results:
Both groups showed significant improvements in IELT, PEDT, and SAS scores (P < .05). Low-frequency group showed greater improvements than NLF in PEDT reduction (6.36 ± 2.38 vs 7.90 ± 2.02, P = .03), SAS reduction (30.95 ± 9.57 vs 38.45 ± 8.85, P = .01), and sexual frequency increase (0.50 [0.00, 4.00] vs 1.00 [1.00, 2.00], P = .02). Crucially, sub-LF patients exhibited dramatic sexual frequency normalization (6.00 [4.00, 7.50] vs 2.00 [1.00, 2.00], P < .001), while ob-LF unchanged (P = .56). No adverse events.
Clinical Implications:
Vacuum negative pressure hydropneumatic/pneumatic bubble massage is a partner-independent therapy that not only improves ejaculatory control but also restores sexual activity in patients avoiding intercourse due to PE-related anxiety.
Strengths And Limitations:
Strengths: First study analyzing subjective vs objective low-frequency PE, standardized protocols. Limitations: Retrospective design, self-reported IELT data, lack of a control group, and the non-blinded nature of the study.
Conclusion:
Vacuum negative pressure hydropneumatic/pneumatic bubble massage significantly improves PE symptoms with amplified benefits in low-frequency patients, particularly those with PE-driven sexual avoidance.
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