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Impact of Nutritional Status on Pulmonary Function in Pediatric Cystic Fibrosis: A Retrospective Multicenter Study

Khaled Saad1, Eman F Gad1, Samaher F Taha1

  • 1Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut 71515, Egypt.

Medical Sciences (Basel, Switzerland)
|September 22, 2025
PubMed

Insights

Malnutrition is prevalent in Egyptian children with cystic fibrosis (CF), significantly impacting lung function. Addressing nutritional status is crucial for improving pulmonary health in these patients.

Area of Science:

  • Pediatrics
  • Pulmonology
  • Nutrition Science

Background:

  • Cystic Fibrosis (CF) is a genetic disorder affecting multiple organs, particularly the lungs.
  • Nutritional status is a critical factor influencing health outcomes in children with CF.
  • Previous research indicates a link between malnutrition and reduced lung function in CF patients.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To assess the nutritional status of children diagnosed with Cystic Fibrosis in Upper Egypt.
  • To investigate the relationship between malnutrition and the decline in pulmonary function among these children.

Main Methods:

  • Retrospective analysis of clinical data from 104 children with CF (aged 3-18 years) across four tertiary centers.
  • Comparison of clinical characteristics based on nutritional status.
  • Evaluation of the correlation between malnutrition indicators and pulmonary function test results.

Main Results:

  • 72% of the analyzed children with CF exhibited malnutrition, characterized by lower body weight and serum albumin.
  • Malnourished children demonstrated significantly reduced vital capacity (VC) and predicted values for forced vital capacity (FVC), forced expiratory volume in 1 second (FEV1), and FEV1/FVC ratio.
  • Body Mass Index (BMI) Z-score showed a positive correlation with key pulmonary function indicators.

Conclusions:

  • Malnutrition is highly prevalent in Egyptian children with Cystic Fibrosis.
  • A significant association exists between poor nutritional status and decreased pulmonary function in this cohort.
  • Interventions aimed at improving nutritional status hold potential for enhancing lung function in children with CF.

Keywords:
cystic fibrosismalnutritionpediatricspulmonary function

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