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Military pilots have distinct neck muscle morphologies due to head-supported mass. These upright MRI findings are crucial for accurate computational models of cervical spine loading in military scenarios.

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Area of Science:

  • Biomechanics
  • Anatomy
  • Aerospace Medicine

Background:

  • Military pilots wear head-supported mass, increasing load on the head-neck complex.
  • Accurate morphometrical properties of cervical muscles are vital for head-neck models.
  • Upright magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is optimal for quantifying these properties under axial load.

Purpose of the Study:

  • To determine the morphological properties of cervical muscles in military pilots.
  • To utilize upright MRI for precise measurements in a relevant population.

Main Methods:

  • Recruited military pilots from the Wisconsin Air National Guard.
  • Acquired T1- and T2-weighted upright MRIs in a neutral sitting position.
  • Measured cross-sectional areas, radii, and angulations of sternocleidomastoid and trapezius muscles (C2-C7).

Main Results:

  • Seven male pilots (mean age 38) showed varying muscle cross-sectional areas by spinal level.
  • Muscle radii were level-dependent, and angulations increased caudally.
  • Morphological data provide insights into muscle variations in pilots.

Conclusions:

  • Muscle morphology variations impact spinal load-sharing under various loading conditions.
  • Data support computational modeling for quantifying segmental forces and stress-strain patterns.
  • Findings are applicable to military personnel and loading scenarios.