Statistically robust transmission in free-space optical communications using multi-parameter optimized sharp beams

Free-space optical communications present vast potential for high-speed data transmission by transforming traditional wireless communication paradigms. However, atmospheric turbulence imposes significant limitations by degrading beam quality and causing power loss. This study proposes a "sharp beam" based on an innovative perspective that leverages the intrinsic properties of the beam itself. Through analytical derivation, the theoretical model is developed that incorporates multiple parameters defined as phase parameter f, intensity parameter α, and structure parameter r₀. Compared to the conventional Gaussian beam, the optimized sharp beam demonstrates superior performance, exhibiting enhanced self-focusing, self-healing, and near diffraction-free propagation. Under stochastic turbulence conditions, extensive statistical analyses of simulation results confirm the robust transmission characteristics of the sharp beam. Notably, the beam achieves a power threshold gain of 3-4 dB when maintaining an equivalent outage probability under varying turbulence intensities. This work elucidates the robust transmission of multi-parameter optimized sharp beams and offers a promising strategy for practical free-space optical communications in turbulent environments.